horse fly
Deer Fly
Photo: University of Minnesota Department of Entomology
Size: 1/4 - 3/8 inch long (deer flies), 3/4 - 1 inch long (horse flies)
Where/when: Associated with aquatic (streams, lakes, marshes etc.) and semi aquatic habitats, although they can fly miles from their development sites. Prefers shaded areas, especially shrubs and trees. Most common June through August.
Significance: Nuisance to people and animals because of their bite, which is typically painful. Also a nuisance by flying around peoples' heads. Deer flies and horse flies are not known carriers of disease in Minnesota.