ELM                        BACTERIAL GALL Swellings (woody galls) on the branches, trunk, or roots are caused by bacteria.

Symptoms: Large swelling on the trunk. Photo by Chad J. Behrendt

General Information

Causal organism:	Several species of bacteria (commonly Agrobacterium tumefaciens)
Over wintering:	In plant material
Months of infection:	Growing season
Method of dispersal:	Rain splash, movement of water or soil
Infection point:	Branches, trunk, or roots

Control Measures

Control:	Avoid wounding trees. Properly water, fertilize, and mulch trees.
Labelled fungicides:	None
Comments:	Wounds are required for infection. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil inhabiting bacterium, is commonly associated with crown galls.

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Plant Disease Diagnostics
University of Minnesota, Yard and Garden Clinic
Developed (1999) and maintained by
Chad J. Behrendt, Ph.D. and Crystal M. Floyd

For plant disease questions contact the Yard and Garden Line Content Last Updated 09/07/00 View University of Minnesota Disclaimer