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Usted lo ha intentado todo--La prevención y los consejos no han dado resultado y su hijo o hija continúa comportándose mal. ¿Cómo trata o maneja usted el mal comportamiento de su niño o niña de manera que se comporte mejor la próxima vez? Le ofrecemos unos consejos a seguir:
Pegarle a los niños o niñas es una forma común de aplicar castigo pero no es la forma más efectiva. Hay otras medidas a seguir:
Aplicar castigos o consecuencias lógicas por mal comportamiento dá resultado con cualquier niño o niña. Por ejemplo, si su niño tira su camión en la habitación, usted puede sugerirle que guarde el camión por el resto del día. De una manera firme explíquele por qué usted tomó esa decisión. Puede tratar de permitir que ocurran consecuencias naturales a las acciones del niño o niña si éstas no son perjudiciales sino que son suficientemente desagradables como para motivarlo/la. Por ejemplo, si él o ella juega en forma grosera con un juguete luego de haberlo prevenido de que se iba a romper. Cuando el juguete se rompa, explíquele que ésto es el resultado de lo que él escogió después de ser advertido. En otras palabras, enseñar al niño que sus acciones tienen consecuencias en este mundo. El regaño puede ser efectivo para cualquier niño. Esto es una declaración firme de dar una orden para suspender lo que se está haciendo o un comportamiento, y además dar una alternativa al comportamiento. Puede ordenarle que deje de pegar o golpear, porque el pegar duele y también debe pedirle al otro niño de buena manera que comparta el juguete. Cuando se expresa desagrado también es efectivo. Descríbale sus sentimientos en forma honesta y su preocupación por el mal comportamiento que se está demostrando. Puede decirle: "Me asusta pensar que te has perdido si te escondes debajo de las repisas con ropa, cuando estamos de compras y que no te puedo ver." Si usted se propone evitar, con la prevención encontrará que raras veces tiene que recurrir al castigo. Los castigos son el último recurso luego de haber tratado la prevención y los consejos. Los castigos deberán ser aplicados solamente luego de haber agotado todo esfuerzo. |
You've tried everything - prevention and guidance haven't worked and your child continues to misbehave. How do you deal with misbehavior so your child learns to behave correctly next time? We call this using consequences. Here are guidelines to follow:
Spanking is a common way to deal with misbehavior. It's not the most effective way. Here are some alternative tools to spanking: With young children, try distracting them or removing them when they misbehave. Time-out is an effective consequence for children who are able to understand the ideas of being quiet and of waiting, usually beginning around 2-1/2 or 3 years of age. A time-out is a way of correcting behavior by placing your misbehaving child in a quiet place for a few minutes and then talking about the problem. Time-out is a short boring time away from other people. A good rule to use is one minute for every year of the child's age. Keep in mind that the goal of time-out is to calm the child down. Time-out should not be used to punish your child. Never send a child to a locked room, or other frightening location. You can use time-out with children when they are noisy, fighting, or doing something so annoying that you can't ignore it. When time-out is over, talk about why the child was in time-out. More importantly, the child must be expected to correct their behavior by apologizing, or by picking up the toy they threw across the room, or whatever the problem was in the first place. Enforcing logical consequences for a child's actions works for any child. For instance, if your child threw his trucks across the living room, you might tell him to put the trucks away for the rest of the day. Remember to explain why you're taking them away in a firm but friendly manner. You can also try to allow the natural consequences of a child's actions to run their course if they're not harmful but unpleasant enough to motivate your child to change. For example, let's say that your child continues to play roughly with a toy after you've warned that it might break. When it does break and your child cries, explain that this is a result of a choice that the child made; he chose to continue playing roughly with the toy. In other words, let a child know that his actions have an effect on his world. A reprimand can be effective for children of all ages as well. A reprimand is a sharp statement that includes the command to stop the behavior, and an alternative to the behavior. For example, you might tell your child to stop hitting, because hitting hurts, and that he should ask the other child nicely to share the toy. Expressing strong disappointment is also effective. Describe your own honest feelings of discouragement or concern about your child's misbehavior. You might say, "I feel afraid and think that you are lost when you hide under the clothing racks when we are shopping and I can't see you." If you focus on prevention, you will find yourself rarely using consequence tools. They are a last resort after you have tried prevention and guidance tools, and should only be used after you have made every effort to guide and prevent the misbehavior in the first place. |
| Titulo: | Cuando su niño se comporta mal--What to do when a child misbehaves | Numero: | 219 |
| Escritor: | Rose Allen | Fuente: | Facultad de Ecología Humana Universidad de Minnesota |
| Fecha: | 1997/2000 | Revisado: | Ron Pitzer |
| Traducido: | Juan Carlos Ortega |
URL: http://
www.extension.umn.edu/info-u/spanish/SP219.html
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