Making a Compost Bin

Composting is a process that allows naturally occurring microbes to convert yard wastes such as leaves and garden debris, into useful soil amendments and mulch.

A structure or compost bin will help contain the material. Some cities, including St. Paul and Minneapolis, require a bin or structure for composting, and may have ordinances regulating the placement of compost bins. Be sure to contact your city for specific details.

Structures can be 3 to 6 feet wide and 3 to 6 feet tall. Large bins process compost faster than small bins. Smaller structures are slower to heat and may not achieve desired temperatures to drive the process. On the other hand, larger structures may exclude needed oxygen in the center of the pile, slowing the process and possibly creating obnoxious odors. The solution to this problem is to turn the pile often, even though this may involve some heavy labor. If you compost fall leaves, a bin 5 to 6 feet across is desirable.

Compost bins can be built from various fencing materials, cement blocks, bricks, redwood, cedar or pressure treated lumber.

TYPES OF BINS

• To make a simple compost bin, all you need is a 12-15 foot length of wire fencing material. Simply tie the ends together with wire to form a round hoop. Untie the hoop for easy removal of finished compost. This could be constructed for around $15.00.
• Four fence posts, dug into the ground to form a square, and surrounded by wire fencing makes a simple compost bin. A gate could be made on one side or the wire could be disconnected on one side to allow for easy removal of the finished compost.
• More elaborate bins with 2 or 3 chambers can be constructed from treated lumber and hardware cloth for around $50.00.

Many small bins are available on the commercial market. Small bins are slow to process and results may be disappointing in Minnesota's cold winter climate.

Whatever is used for a structure, it should allow for good air and water infiltration as well as easy loading and removal, all elements of successful composting.

For information on composting, contact your local University of Minnesota Extension office. Ask for the publication, Structures for Backyard Composting.