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Basswood/Linden > Leaves > Leaves wilt

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  • Image: Stem girdling roots 1
    Credit: M. Grabowski, University Of Minnesota
  • Image: Stem girdling roots 2

    Credit: M. Grabowski, University Of Minnesota

  • Image: Stem girdling roots 3

    Credit: G. Johnson, University Of Minnesota

  • - CLICK PHOTOS TO ENLARGE -

green arrowStem girdling roots

  • Affected trees commonly exhibit water-stress symptoms such as marginal leaf scorch, wilting, sudden leaf fall
  • Affected trees are often stunted, exhibit poor summer color, change color and lose their leaves early in the fall
  • Affected trees commonly exhibit excessive and abnormal winter damage including true frost cracks and dieback
  • A root circling or running against one or more sides of the trunk of the tree may be seen at the soil line
  • The trunk may become sunken in or compressed where it contacts the root
  • If the girdling root is below ground, the trunk will lack the natural widening or flare at the soil line so will go straight into the earth like a telephone pole; trees often exhibit an abnormal lean
  • Many weak young shoots/sprouts at the base of the tree
  • Trees break off at the soil line during wind storms
  • More information on Stem girdling roots...
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  • Image: Verticillium wilt 1
    Credit: C. Ash Kanner
  • Image: Verticillium wilt 2

    Credit: J. O'Brien, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

  • Image: Verticillium wilt 3

    Credit: W. Jacobi, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org

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green arrowVerticillium wilt
Verticillium dahliae

  • Leaves turn brown from the edges and tips, wilt and die in severe infections
  • Leaves are small and yellowed in chronic infections
  • Leaf symptoms are often seen on only one or a few random branches in the canopy
  • Brown streaks often can be seen in the sapwood if the bark is peeled back, appearing as rings or arcs in a cross cut
  • Symptoms may develop over a single growing season, or over several years
  • More information on Verticillium wilt...
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  • Image: Branch cankers 1
    Credit: E. L. Barnard, FL Dept. of Ag. and Consumer Services, Bugwood.org
  • Image: Branch cankers 2

    Credit: Univ. of GA Plant Pathology Archive, Univ. of GA, Bugwood.org

  • Image: Branch cankers 3

    Credit: Univ. of GA Plant Pathology Archive, Univ. of GA, Bugwood.org

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green arrowBranch cankers
Botryosphaeria obtusa and other fungi

  • Leaves on random branches wilt, turn yellow then brown during the growing season
  • Random dead branches seen throughout canopy
  • Infected branches don’t leaf out in spring
  • Cankers are brown to black sunken areas on branch that may have cracked bark and discolored sapwood
  • Common on trees stressed by drought, winter injury, wounds, insect feeding or other factors
  • More information on Branch cankers...
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  • Image: Drought stress 1
    Credit: N. Loewenstein, Auburn University, Bugwood.org
  • Image: Drought stress 2

    Credit: D. Hanson, University Of Minnesota

  • Image: Drought stress 3

    Credit: R.L. Anderson, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

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green arrowDrought stress

  • Leaves wilt and turn brown at the tips and the margins first, then completely brown
  • Dead branches in the canopy
  • Leaves appear drooped or wilted within canopy
  • The ground beneath the tree is littered with yellow to brown leaves
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  • Image: Ganoderma root and butt rot 1
    Credit: M. Grabowski, University Of Minnesota
  • Image: Ganoderma root and butt rot 2

    Credit: M. Grabowski, University Of Minnesota

  • Image: Ganoderma root and butt rot 3

    Credit: M. Grabowski, University Of Minnesota

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green arrowGanoderma root and butt rot
Ganoderma spp.

  • Leaves are smaller in size and turn yellow earlier than normal
  • Canopy appears thin with few leaves and multiple dead branches
  • Fungal conks, a semicircle shelf fungi, can be found from the base of the tree up to 3 feet high on the trunk
  • Conks are reddish brown and shiny on top, white and porous underneath, a rim of white may be visible on the edge of growing conks
  • Infected wood at the base of the tree is white, soft, stringy or spongy
  • Infected trees frequently break or fall over in storms
  • More information on Ganoderma root and butt rot...

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