|
Genus Names
|
Species Name
|
H
|
W
|
S
|
FC
|
STR
|
UTL
|
SHD
|
FL
|
FR
|
pH
|
|
|
Alder
[Alnus]
|
 Speckled alder [A. rugosa]
|
15+
|
15+
|
Rnd
|
G/Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 7.3
|
The dominant form tends to be bushy and multistemmed. A good
alternative for use in wet riparian or wildlife habitat
plantings.
Alder flowers are catkins that add winter interest., and their
fruit is a persistent nutlet.
|
|
|
Apricot
[Prunus]
|
Manchurian apricot [P. armeniaca var. mandshurica]
|
15+
|
15+
|
V
|
O/Y
|
S
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 7.5
|
Showy white to pink flowers in the early spring. Produces edible
fruit, however the more hardy cultivars produce drier fruit that
is best suited for preserves. Hardier cultivars include
'Manchu', 'Moongold', and 'Sungold'.
Apricots may need winter protection from rabbits.
|
|
|
Ash
[Fraxinus]
|
Green ash [F. pennsylvanica]
|
40+
|
30+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
Y
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 8
|
|
This species does well on tough sites, especially areas with
limited rooting space. However, this species is often
overplanted and on good sites other species should planted.
Cultivars include 'Bergeson', Dakota Centennial, 'Kindred',
'Marshall's Seedless', 'Patmore', Prairie Dome, Prairie Spire,
and 'Summit'.
|
|
|
Aspen
[Populus]
|
Bigtooth aspen [P. grandidentata]
|
50+
|
20+
|
Col
|
Y
|
N
|
S
|
|
|
|
4.8 to 6.3
|
|
Of the two aspens, bigtooth is the better aspen for urban
plantings and is appropriate for planting in parks and natural
or wildlife areas.
|
|
Trembling aspen [P. tremuloides]
|
40+
|
20+
|
Col
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
4.8 to 7.5
|
|
Upright European aspen [P. tremula 'Erecta']
|
30+
|
8+
|
Col
|
Y
|
N
|
S
|
|
|
|
4.8 to 6.3
|
|
All poplars have shallow and aggressive roots. Do not plant near
pavement where shallow roots can cause damage.
|
|
|
Birch
[Betula]
|
European white birch [B. pendula]
|
30+
|
20+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
5 to 8
|
|
Has attractive, white bark that does not exfoliate to the extent
of the other birches listed. Very popular tree that has been
overplanted. Serious pests include the birch leaf miner and the
bronze birch borer. Cultivars include 'Dalecarlica'.
|
|
River birch [B. nigra]
|
30+
|
20+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
Y
|
N
|
|
|
|
3 to 6.5
|
|
Has attractive, exfoliating, copper-colored bark. Can be
purchased as a single stem or a clump. Suffers iron chlorosis in
alkaline soils.
|
|
Whitespire birch [B. platyphylla var. japonica
'Whitespire']
|
30+
|
20+
|
Pym
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
5.5 to 8
|
|
Is a white barked, nonexfoliating birch. Cold hardiness limits
the use of this species to the southern and western portion of
the Northern Tallgrass Prairie subsection.
|
|
Yellow birch [B. alleghaniensis]
|
30+
|
20+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
4.5 to 8
|
|
Has beautiful, exfoliating, golden bark; requires moist, cool
soils and cool summer temperatures.
|
|
|
Bladdernut
[Staphylea]
|
American bladdernut [S. trifolia]
|
8+
|
6+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
na
|
|
Upright shrub that can be trained into a small tree. Prefers
rich, moist soil and protected sites. Fairly intolerant to
drought.
|
|
|
Cherry
[Prunus]
|
Amur chokecherry [P. maackii]
|
20+
|
18+
|
Ov
|
M
|
S
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.4 to 7.7
|
|
A rapid growing small tree with an attractive, copper-colored,
smooth bark. Prefers fertile, well-drained soils. Often develops
girdling roots and weak crotches with included bark, so plant
high and prune regularly.
|
|
Common chokecherry [P. virginiana]
|
15+
|
10+
|
Ov
|
M
|
S
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6 to 8
|
|
Large shrub to small tree. Tart, edible fruit. Quite susceptible
to black knot. Cultivars include 'Canada Red'.
|
|
Nanking cherry [P. tomentosa]
|
6+
|
6+
|
Ov
|
G
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
na
|
A large, spreading shrub that can be pruned as a small tree. Has
showy, white flowers in the early spring. Needs cross
pollination to produce fruit. Cultivars include 'Leucocarpa' and
'Orient'.
Cherries may need winter protection from rabbits.
|
|
|
Cottonwood
[Populus]
|
Eastern cottonwood [P. deltoides]
|
60+
|
40+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 8
|
A rapid growing tree that becomes very large with age. Female
trees produce cotton that can be quite a nuisance. Roots are
invasive; don't plant near pavement. 'Siouxland' is a cottonless
male cultivar.
All poplars have shallow and aggressive roots. Do not plant
near pavement where shallow roots can cause damage.
|
|
|
Dogwood
[Cornus]
|
Pagoda dogwood [C. alternifolia]
|
12+
|
10+
|
Ov
|
M
|
S
|
Y
|
|
|
|
4 to 7.5
|
|
Is an excellent small tree or large shrub. Does not tolerate
hot, dry sites. Canker diseases often become important on plants
grown under stress.
|
|
|
Eastern wahoo
[Euonymus]
|
Eastern wahoo [E. atropurpureus]
|
12+
|
12+
|
Rnd
|
O
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 7.5
|
|
Fall color develops best in full sun. Cold hardiness limits the
use of this species to the southern and western portion of the
Northern Tallgrass Prairie subsection. May need protection from
rabbits in the winter.
|
|
|
Hornbeam
[Carpinus]
|
American hornbeam [C. caroliniana]
|
15+
|
15+
|
Rnd
|
R/O/Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
4 to 7.3
|
|
Requires moist, well drained, fertile soils. Sensitive to
deicing salts and subject to iron chlorosis on alkaline sites.
|
|
|
Linden
[Tilia]
|
Littleleaf linden [T. cordata]
|
35+
|
20+
|
Pym
|
Y
|
Y
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.5 to 7.5
|
Very adaptable shade tree, but is often subject to girdling root
syndrome, winter stem damage, and weak crotches with included
bark. Cultivars include 'Fairview', 'Greenspire', 'Olympic',
Norlin, and Shamrock.
Lindens are sensitive to deicing salt. In addition, they are
chronically prone to girdling root syndrome that develops from
planting too deep. Always plant lindens shallow and mulch.
|
|
|
Locust
[Robinia]
|
Black locust [R. pseudoacacia]
|
30+
|
20+
|
Irr
|
Y/G
|
Y
|
N
|
|
|
|
4.6 to 8.2
|
|
Very tolerant of dry, infertile soils. Produces a white,
fragrant flower in late spring. Relatively short lived, somewhat
messy, and has a tendency to suffer storm damage.
|
|
|
Maple
[Acer]
|
Silver maple [A. saccharinum]
|
50+
|
40+
|
Rnd
|
Y/G
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
5 to 7.8
|
This species has invasive roots, don't plant near pavement.
Needs frequent pruning for structure when young. Tends to suffer
frequent damage in storms. Is not tolerant of alkaline soils
(high pH) and becomes chlorotic. Cultivars include 'Blair',
'Northline', 'Silver Queen', and 'Weiri'. 'Silver Queen' is a
seedless cultivar.
Maples other than Norway maple are sensitive to deicing salt.
Maples perform better in lawn or park settings and in groups,
rather than as single specimens in fully exposed boulevards.
Planting with the root collar at ground line is important to see
and treat girdling root syndrome.
|
|
|
Mountainash
[Sorbus]
|
European mountainash [S. aucuparia]
|
20+
|
20+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
Y
|
Y
|
|
|
|
4 to 7.5
|
|
Small tree with showy flowers and fruit. Prefers cool, rich loam
soils that are well drained. Not real tolerant of summer heat or
drought. Susceptible to fire blight and subject to sunscald and
stem damage by sapsuckers. Restrict use to the southern and
western portion of the Northern Tallgrass Prairie subsection.
Cultivars include: 'Blackhawk' and 'Cardinal Royal'.
|
|
Showy mountainash [S. decora]
|
20+
|
10+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
5.1 to 7.2
|
|
Small tree with showy flowers and fruit. Limited use as a
landscape tree. Short lived due to insect borers and fire
blight. Does well in wet soils.
|
|
|
Peashrub
[Caragana]
|
Siberian peashrub [C. arborescens]
|
10+
|
6+
|
Irr
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
5.5 to 8
|
|
An upright shrub that may be trained into a small tree. Has
showy yellow flowers in late May. Very tolerant of drought, cold
winter temperatures, and poor soil conditions. Cultivars include
'Walker', which has a weeping form and small thorns.
|
|
|
Plum
[Prunus]
|
American wild plum [P. americana]
|
10+
|
10+
|
Rnd
|
Y
|
S
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 7.5
|
Natural habit is to form shrubby thickets, but can be trained
into small trees. Very drought tolerant. Diseases are common,
but few threaten plant health. Common plum is recommended over
cultivars unless fruit production is an objective.
Plums may need winter protection from rabbits.
|
|
|
Poplar
[Populus]
|
Balsam poplar [P. balsamifera]
|
40+
|
20+
|
Pym
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
4.8 to 7.5
|
|
European white poplar [P. alba]
|
40+
|
40+
|
Rnd
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
5.7 to 8
|
|
Bolleana poplar (P. alba 'Pyramidalis') is a short-lived,
columnar variety that is very susceptible to cankers and should
not be planted.
|
|
Robusta poplar [P. x canadensis 'Robusta']
|
40+
|
30+
|
Rnd
|
I
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 8
|
|
A hybrid poplar with a broad oval crown, rapid growth, and
seedless.
|
|
Tower poplar [P. x canescens 'Tower']
|
40+
|
10+
|
Col
|
I
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 8
|
Has a narrow pyramidal form, is very hardy and resistant to stem
cankers.
All poplars have shallow and aggressive roots. Do not plant
near pavement where shallow roots can cause damage.
|
|
|
Russian-olive
[Elaeagnus]
|
Russian-olive [E. angustifolia]
|
20+
|
20+
|
Irr
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 8.5
|
|
An attractive plant with gray foliage and reddish-brown bark.
Very tolerant of drought and deicing salts. Verticillium wilt
and cankers may be occasional problems.
|
|
|
Sumac
[Rhus]
|
Smooth sumac [R. glabra]
|
8+
|
10+
|
Rnd
|
R
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 7
|
|
Staghorn sumac [R. typhina]
|
12+
|
12+
|
Rnd
|
R
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.1 to 7
|
|
Smooth and staghorn sumac are large shrubs that spread by root
suckers to form large thickets and are sometimes invasive. They
are tolerant of poor, dry sites.
|
|
|
Walnut
[Juglans]
|
Black walnut [J. nigra]
|
40+
|
50+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 8
|
|
Select plants grown from a central Minnesota seed source. Plants
from southern seed sources often suffer winter damage. Avoid
planting near gardens; walnuts secrete a chemical that affects
some herbaceous plants and spruce trees.
|
|
|
Willow
[Salix]
|
Black willow [S. nigra]
|
35+
|
20+
|
Col
|
Y/G
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.5 to 8
|
|
Flame willow [S. 'Flame']
|
20+
|
15+
|
Rnd
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
na
|
|
Golden weeping willow [S. alba 'Tristis']
|
40+
|
30+
|
We
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6 to 8
|
|
Large tree with brittle wood that is often subject to
significant storm damage. Most appropriate for use in parks or
large properties.
|
|
Laurel willow [S. pentandra]
|
20+
|
15+
|
Ov
|
G
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 8
|
|
Medium-sized tree with dark green foliage. Grows rapidly and is
not too demanding of site conditions. Foliage can be seriously
damaged by leaf diseases and leaf beetles.
|
|
Prairie Cascade weeping willow [S. 'Prairie Cascade']
|
35+
|
35+
|
We
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
6 to 8
|
|
Hybrid willow that combines the form of weeping willow and the
glossy foliage of Laurel willow.
|
|
Pussy willow [S. discolor]
|
15+
|
12+
|
Ov
|
Y
|
N
|
Y
|
|
|
|
6.6 to 7.5
|
Noted for catkins that can be forced in the winter and are often
used in interior floral arrangements. Subject to damage by stem
cankers, borers, and leaf beetles.
Willows are valued for their fast growth and tolerance to wet
sites. They are relatively short-lived and have aggressive,
shallow root systems. The larger species are better suited for
larger parks and natural greenspaces rather than residential
properties.
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