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This 124-page publication is a comprehensive guide for
communities making wastewater treatment decisions.
The book includes information on using community process to
solve problems; collecting and interpreting data; different
kinds of treatment systems; designing a management system;
selecting an organizational structure; funding the project;
hiring professionals; and implementing the project. Plus each
chapter includes many helpful resources.
Order yours today for only $15!
Information about the complete publication and how to order
it is available here.
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Ken Olson, Bridget Chard, Doug Malchow, Don Hickman
Contents
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NOTE: This is a Web Sampler. To view the
following articles, you will need the Adobe Acrobat® reader.
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A Roadmap to Small Community
Wastewater Treatment Solutions
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Preface
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Chapter 1: Wastewater Problems Are Community Problems
Why We Need to Treat
Wastewater
What Does It Take to Clean Up Wastewater?
How Community Change and Responsibility Are Built
Key Factors in Community Change
Gaining Community Endorsement
Why Some Communities Succeed
Characteristics of Successful Communities
Making the Process Work for Your Community
Making Change Go Smoother
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Chapter 2: What You Need to Know Before You Make
Decisions
Gathering the Data: Types and Sources
Local Regulations
Physical Geography Data
Community-wide Data
Individual Community Member Data
Interpreting the Data: What Does It Tell Us?
Things to Remember
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Chapter 3: Sewage Treatment System Options
What's in Wastewater?
Pathogens
Nutrients
Solids
Chemicals
Water
Evaluating Treatment
Facility Options
General System Concepts
Decentralized On-site Treatment Options
Tinytown: A Bird's Eye View of Wastewater Treatment
Options
Centralized System Options
Solids treatment and handling
Criteria for Choosing a System
Making an Informed Decision
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Chapter 4: Wastewater Management Options
Responsible Management Is Important
Managing Your Wastewater
System
Management Begins in the Home
Management Providers
Records and Accountability
EPA Management Guidelines
Management Tips
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Chapter 5: Community Organizational Structure Options
Ownership of the System
Why You Need an Organization
Types of Organizations
Older Organizational Structures Created by State
Statute
Recently Developed Organizational Approaches
Other Organizational Models
Finding the Best Fit
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Chapter 6: Financing
Wastewater Systems
The Genesis of "Free Money"
Funding Concepts
Life Cycle Costs
Capacity Development
Funding Resources
Local Funding Resources
State Funding Resources
Federal Funding Resources
Tips for Applying for Financial Aid
Do Your Homework
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Chapter 7: Working with Professionals
Be Aware of Possible Bias
Some Examples of Bias
Working with Consultants
How to Hire a Consultant
What Consultants Do
Three Things to Remember
Resources
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Chapter 8: Implementation: What, When, Who, How?
Case Study: Wabedo Township
Bringing About Community Change
Five Steps to Gaining Community Endorsement
What Makes Projects Work
What Do We Do Now? Five Phases
of Community Process
Phase I – Understanding the Situation
Phase II – Exploring the Options
Phase III – Making Informed Decisions
Phase IV – Implementing the Decisions
Phase V – Managing the System
How Long Will Implementation Take?
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Summary: It's Up to You!
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Glossary
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Appendices
Appendix A: Sample Surveys
Appendix B: Summary of Treatment Options
Appendix C: Typical Sewage Treatment System Performance
Appendix D: Questions to Ask a Consulting Firm's
References
Appendix E: Sample Consultant Interview Questions
Appendix F: Generic Ranking System for Interviewing
Engineers or Consultants
Appendix G: Useful Contacts
and Web Sites
Appendix H. Summary of Scientific Abbreviations and
Measurements
Appendix I. Guide to Common Acronyms
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The information given in this publication is for educational purposes
only. Reference to commercial products or trade names is made with the
understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by the
University of Minnesota Extension is implied.
Produced by Communication and Educational Technology Services, University of
Minnesota Extension.
In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, this material is available in alternative formats upon request. Please contact your University of Minnesota Extension office or the Distribution Center at (800) 876-8636.
University of Minnesota Extension is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation.
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