TABLE 11. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS METHODS OF STORING AND FEEDING DRY FORAGES
|
| |
Losses expected
|
Hours labor required per ton to
|
|
Method of storage
|
Method of feeding
|
Harvesting
|
Storage
|
Feeding
|
Store
|
Feed
|
Tons hay requireda
|
| |
% |
% |
% |
|
| A. Conventional bales |
Individually in stanchions or group fed at rack |
20 |
4 |
5 |
2.00 |
1.11 |
137 |
|
| B. Large round bales |
Stored inside, fed in rack |
20 |
4 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.55 |
135 |
| Stored outside, fed on ground |
20 |
11 |
22 |
0.10 |
0.40 |
166 |
|
| C. 3-ton stack |
Stored outside, fed in rack |
20 |
9 |
4 |
0.08 |
0.24 |
135 |
| Stored outside, fed on ground |
20 |
9 |
28 |
0.08 |
0.17 |
171 |
|
| D. Cubed or pelleted |
Individually in stanchion or group fed at bunk |
Usually purchased |
2 |
2 |
(Depends on facilities & equipment) |
130 |
aTons of hay required for 50-cow herd consuming 2.5 tons per cow annually (13.7 lb daily). Additional forage from another source assumed. |
Back: Forage Systems
TABLE 12. ECONOMIC COMPARISONS FOR VARIOUS FORAGE STORAGE UNITS AT TWO CAPACITIES
|
| Silo type and size |
Capacity
(tons DM) |
Total investment |
Ownership costs
(per ton DM) |
Metal oxygen-limiting |
| 25 x 80 |
200 |
$ 82,000 |
$67.65 |
| 25 x 90 |
325 |
113,800 |
57.77 |
| Concrete oxygen-limiting |
| 20 x 72 |
170 |
62,000 |
60.18 |
| 30 x 100 |
510 |
120,000 |
38.82 |
| Concrete stave |
| 20 x 70 |
155 |
30,250 |
32.20 |
| 30 x 80 |
425 |
52,500 |
20.38 |
| Concrete bunker |
| 10 x 30 x 185 |
750 |
24,800 |
5.13 |
| 12 x 40 x 112 |
500 |
23,800 |
7.38 |
| Bagger and bags |
| 5 bags |
250 |
34,500 |
32.13 |
| 25 bags |
750 |
38,000 |
11.91 |
Source: T.D. Hewitt, 1986, Dairy Herd Management, Vol. 24, No. 12, p. 29. |
Back: Forage Systems
TABLE 13. CONSUMPTION OF VARIOUS GRAIN FORMS
|
| Type of grain |
Lb per minute |
|
| Pelleted |
1 to 1.2 |
| Coarsely ground or cracked |
.75 |
| Average to finely ground |
.50 |
|
Back: Free-stall or loose housing herds
TABLE 14. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEEDING SYSTEM AND MILK PRODUCTION1
|
|
|
|
Average
|
| Feeding System |
No.
Herds |
DHIA Herd Milk
(lb/cow/year) |
Fat % |
Protein % |
|
Total Mixed
Ration (TMR)
|
|
|
16 |
24,131 |
3.67 |
3.13 |
Grain fed
separate
from forage
|
|
| Computer |
13 |
24,598 |
3.67 |
3.13 |
| Hand |
21 |
23,535 |
3.84 |
3.16 |
11990 Minnesota survey |
Back: Free-stall or loose housing herds
Back: Balanced Ration Check Sheet
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Minnesota Extension.
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