Table 4. Winter injury observations and mid-winter hardiness ratings for rose cultivars, 1988-91.
Hardiness Rating: The hardiness rating is the lowest temperature at which 50 percent of the stem sections were uninjured. A “+” following a hardiness rating indicates that canes were uninjured at the lowest test temperature. The designation “(G)” next to the year indicates that cold hardiness determinations for that cultivar that year were taken from container-grown plants in an overwintering greenhouse. The designation “(I)” under the Fahrenheit and Celsius columns indicates that the canes were injured in the field prior to collection. A “—” under a winter injury column indicates that data for that variety was not recorded for that year.
| Cultivar | Winter Injury | Mid-Winter Hardiness Rating |
Year | |||
| 1988-89 | 1989-90 | 1990-91 | Fahrenheit | Celsius | ||
| Albas | ||||||
| Alba semi-plena | none | tip | <½ | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Belle Amour | snow | base | snow | |||
| Chloris | none | <½ | <½ | |||
| Jeanne d’Arc | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Königin von Dänemark | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Mme. Legras de St. Germain | — | >½ | snow | -32 (I) |
-36 (I) |
1991 (G) (I) 1991 |
| Pompon Blanc Parfait | <½ | <½ | snow | |||
| Bourbons | ||||||
| Gipsy Boy | none | tip | snow | |||
| Mme. Ernest Calvat | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Centifolias | ||||||
| Blanchefleur | none | >½ | <½ | |||
| Bullata | none | base | snow | |||
| Cabbage Rose | — | <½ | <½ | |||
| Centifolia Variegata | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Fantin-Latour | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Petite de Hollande | none | base | snow | |||
| Prolifera de Redouté | <½ | >½ | snow | |||
| Red Provence | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Rose de Meaux | snow | base | dead | |||
| Rose des Peintres | none | base | snow | |||
| Tour de Malakoff | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Damasks | ||||||
| Autumn Damask | >½ | base | snow | |||
| Césonie | <½ | <½ | snow | |||
| Kazanlik | snow | base | snow | |||
| Léda | snow | >½ | snow | -26 -30 (I) |
-32 -34 (I) |
1990 (G) 1991 (G) 1991 |
| Mme. Hardy | none | base | >½ | -32 (I) |
-36 (I) |
1991 (G) 1991 |
| Marie Louise | <½ | <½ | snow | |||
| Omar Khayyám | <½ | >½ | snow | |||
| Rose de Rescht | snow | base | snow | -24 | -31 | 1990 (G) |
| St. Nicholas | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| York and Lancaster | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Floribundas | ||||||
| Chuckles | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Dapple Dawn | — | — | base | |||
| Eutin | — | — | base | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Nearly Wild | snow | base | snow | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Redcoat | — | — | base | |||
| Gallicas | ||||||
| Alain Blanchard | tip | base | snow | |||
| Alice Vena | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Alika | none | tip | none | |||
| Belle des Jardins | snow | tip | <½ | |||
| Belle Isis | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Cardinal de Richelieu | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Charles de Mills | none | base | snow | |||
| Désireé Parmentier | <½ | <½ | snow | |||
| Duchesse de Montebello | none | — | — | -28 | -33 | 1990 (G) |
| Narcisse de Salvandy | none | base | snow | |||
| Président de Sèze | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Rosa Mundi | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Rose du Maître d’École | none | base | snow | |||
| Superb Tuscan | none | base | snow | |||
| Tuscany | <½ | base | base | |||
| Grandifloras | ||||||
| Earth Song | — | — | base | |||
| Hybrid Albas | ||||||
| Mme. Plantier | none | base | tip | |||
| Hybrid Blandas | ||||||
| Betty Bland | none | tip | tip | -36 | -38 | 1991 |
| Hybrid Caninas | ||||||
| Andersonii | tip | >½ | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Hybrid Foetidas | ||||||
| Harison’s Yellow | none | none | none | -38 | -39 | 1991 |
| Hybrid Moyesiis | ||||||
| Marguerite Hilling | tip | >½ | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Nevada | tip | >½ | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Hybrid Musks | ||||||
| Ballerina | — | — | base | |||
| Belinda | base | base | snow | |||
| Daphne | snow | base | snow | |||
| Will Scarlet | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Hybrid Nitidas | ||||||
| Aylsham | <½ | tip | tip | |||
| Metis | tip | <½ | tip | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Hybrid Perpetuals | ||||||
| Baron Girod de l’Ain | snow | base | snow | -24 -28 |
-31 -33 |
1990 (G) 1991 (G) |
| Frau Karl Druschki | <½ | base | base | |||
| Mme. Scipion Cochet | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Mrs. John Laing | snow | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Reine des Violettes | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Hybrid Rugosas | ||||||
| Agnes | none | tip | none | -40+ | -40+ | 1991 |
| Amelia Gravereaux | snow | >½ | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Belle Poitevine | tip | <½ | <½ | -32 | -36 | 1991 |
| Blanc Double de Coubert | none | >½ | snow | -34 | -37 | 1990 (G) |
| Bonavista | snow | <½ | snow | |||
| Charles Albanel | — | base | none | -40 | -40 | 1991 |
| David Thompson | — | — | tip | -32 | -36 | 1991 |
| Delicata | none | base | <½ | |||
| Elmira | snow | <½ | snow | |||
| Frau Dagmar Hartopp | none | <½ | <½ | -34 -34 |
-37 -39 |
1990 (G) -1991 |
| George Will | none | <½ | <½ | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Grootendorst Supreme | tip | >½ | >½ | |||
| Hansa | none | <½ | <½ | -28 -40+ -38 |
-33 -40+ -39 |
1990 (G) 1991 1991 |
| Henry Hudson | tip | <½ | none | -36 | -38 | 1991 |
| Hunter | snow | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Jens Munk | — | — | none | -36 | -38 | 1994 |
| Martin Frobisher | none | tip | >½ | (I) -22 (I) |
(I) -30 (I) |
1991 1991 1994 |
| Moncton | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Mrs. John McNabb | none | tip | <½ | |||
| Pink Grootendorst | none | base | snow | |||
| Rose à Parfum de l’Hay | none | base | snow | |||
| Rugosa Magnifica | none | none | none | -24 -34 |
-31 -37 |
1990 (G) 1991 |
| Sir Thomas Lipton | tip | <½ | <½ | -30 -34 (I) (I) |
-34 -37 (I) (I) |
1990 (G) 1991 (G) 1994 |
| Thérèse Bauer | tip | >½ | tip | |||
| Thérèse Bugnet | none | none | <½ | -20 -34 |
-29 -37 |
1990 (G) 1991 |
| Will Alderman | tip | <½ | tip | |||
| Hybrid Spinosissimas | ||||||
| Frühlingsanfang | tip | <½ | >½ | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Frühlingsduft | none | >½ | tip | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Frühlingsgold | tip | >½ | >½ | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Karl Förster | <½ | >½ | tip | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Suzanne | — | none | none | -44 | -42 | 1991 |
| Wildenfelsgelb | none | tip | >½ | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Hybrid Suffultas | ||||||
| Assiniboine | none | tip | <½ | -38 | -39 | 1991 |
| Cuthbert Grant | >½ | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Kordesiis | ||||||
| Alexander von Humboldt | none | base | snow | |||
| Dortmund | snow | base | snow | -26 -30 |
-32 -34 |
1990 (G) 1991 (G) |
| Henry Kelsey | — | — | tip | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Illusion | snow | base | snow | |||
| John Cabot | none | <½ | <½ | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| John Davis | — | — | tip | -22 | -30 | 1994 |
| Karlsruhe | snow | base | snow | |||
| Parkdirektor Riggers | — | — | <½ | |||
| Rote Max Graf | snow | base | snow | |||
| William Baffin | none | none | none | -26 | -32 | 1994 |
| Miscellaneous Old Garden Roses | ||||||
| Juno | — | >½ | snow | |||
| Mosses | ||||||
| Black Boy | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Capitaine John Ingram | none | <½ | snow | |||
| Chevreul | <½ | base | snow | |||
| Communis | none | <½ | <½ | |||
| Comtesse de Murinais | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Deuil de Paul Fontaine | snow | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1990 (G) |
| Duchess de Verneuil | tip | >½ | snow | |||
| Gabriel Noyelle | snow | base | snow | |||
| Général Kléber | snow | >½ | snow | |||
| Gloire des Mousseuses | snow | base | snow | |||
| Goethe | tip | >½ | snow | |||
| Gracilis | tip | <½ | snow | |||
| Henri Martin | none | >½ | <½ | |||
| Jeanne de Montfort | snow | base | snow | |||
| Julie de Mersan | none | <½ | snow | |||
| Laneii | tip | >½ | <½ | |||
| Louis Gimard | <½ | >½ | <½ | |||
| Mme. de la Rôche-Lambert | none | >½ | snow | |||
| Mme. Louis Lévêque | snow | base | snow | |||
| Mossman | none | base | tip | |||
| Nuits de Young | none | >½ | snow | -26 | -32 | 1990 (G) |
| OEillet Panacheé | none | base | tip | |||
| Perpetual White Moss | snow | base | snow | |||
| Robert Léopold | none | <½ | snow | |||
| Salet | snow | >½ | snow | -20 -30 (I) |
-29 -34 (I) |
1990 (G) 1991 (G) 1991 |
| Violacée | none | <½ | snow | |||
| Waldtraut Nielsen | tip | base | snow | |||
| White Bath | none | base | snow | |||
| William Lobb | <½ | base | snow | -26 | -32 | 1990 (G) |
| Shrub Roses | ||||||
| A. MacKenzie | — | — | tip | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Adelaide Hoodless | >½ | <½ | snow | (I) (I) (I) |
(I) (I) (I) |
1990 (G) 1991 1994 |
| Alchymist | snow | base | snow | |||
| Amiga Mia | — | — | base | |||
| Applejack | tip | tip | <½ | |||
| Blue Boy | >½ | base | base | |||
| Bonica | snow | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Carefree Beauty | snow | >½ | snow | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Chamcook | none | tip | none | |||
| Champlain | — | — | snow | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Country Dancer | — | — | base | |||
| Golden Wings | >½ | base | snow | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Haidee | none | none | none | -36 | -38 | 1994 |
| J. P. Connell | — | — | none | |||
| John Franklin | snow | base | base | |||
| Lillian Gibson | none | tip | <½ | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Morden Amorette | none | <½ | snow | |||
| Morden Cardinette | — | — | base | |||
| Morden Centennial | <½ | >½ | <½ | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Morden Ruby | — | — | tip | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Prairie Dawn | none | none | <½ | (I) -33 |
(I) -36 |
1991 1994 |
| Prairie Princess | — | — | >½ | (I) | (I) | 1991 |
| Prairie Wren | none | >½ | none | -33 | -36 | 1994 |
| Prairie Youth | tip | none | tip | |||
| Robusta | — | — | >½ | (I) | (I) | 1994 |
| Scharlachglut | tip | >½ | snow | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1991 1994 |
| Summer Wind | — | — | snow | -26 -30 |
-32 -34 |
1990 1991 |
| Von Scharnhorst | tip | >½ | snow | |||
| Species | ||||||
| Dr. Merkeley | none | <½ | tip | |||
| R. ambylotis | base | none | none | -40+ -44 |
-40+ -42 |
1991 1993 |
| R. arkansana | — | none | none | |||
| R. canina | tip | none | none | |||
| R. cinnamomea | none | tip | <½ | -44 | -42 | 1993 |
| R. foetida | — | none | <½ | |||
| R. foetida bicolor | none | none | >½ | (I) (I) |
(I) (I) |
1990 (G) 1991 |
| R. glauca | none | none | tip | -26 -27 -33 |
-32 -33 -36 |
1991 1993 1993 |
| R. hugonis | <½ | none | tip | -30 -22 |
-34 -30 |
1991 1993 |
| R. laxa | none | tip | none | -38 | -39 | 1993 |
| R. macounii | — | <½ | none | -38 -27 |
-39 -33 |
1991 1993 |
| R. mollis | none | <½ | tip | -27 | -33 | 1993 |
| R. multiflora | snow | >½ | base | (I) | (I) | 1993 |
| R. nitida | none | tip | none | -42 -38 |
-41 -39 |
1991 1993 |
| R. palustris | — | base | none | -38 | -39 | 1993 |
| R. pendulina | none | <½ | none | -40 -33 |
-40 -36 |
1991 1993 |
| R. pomifera | tip | tip | <½ | -24 -22 |
-31 -30 |
1991 1993 |
| R. primula | none | none | none | -34 -34 -27 |
-37 -37 -33 |
1991 (G) 1991 1993 |
| R. rugosa | none | >½ | none | |||
| R. rugosa alba plena | none | <½ | none | |||
| R. rugosa kamtchatica | snow | none | none | -44 | -42 | 1993 |
| R. sertata | tip | none | <½ | -24 -22 |
-31 -30 |
1991 1993 |
| R. setigera | none | >½ | tip | -30 -27 |
-34 -33 |
1991 1993 |
| R. spinosissima altaica | none | none | none | -42 -33 |
-41 -36 |
1991 1993 |
| R. virginiana | none | <½ | none | -38 | -39 | 1993 |
| R. woodsii | <½ | none | none | -30 -44 |
-34 -42 |
1991 1993 |